{"id":20809,"date":"2026-10-04T08:41:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T06:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/?p=20809"},"modified":"2026-10-02T16:30:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T14:30:11","slug":"fascinujici-hudebni-zahada-jak-se-smetanova-vltava-stala-zakladem-izraelske-narodni-hymny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/fascinujici-hudebni-zahada-jak-se-smetanova-vltava-stala-zakladem-izraelske-narodni-hymny\/","title":{"rendered":"Fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed hudebn\u00ed z\u00e1hada: Jak se Smetanova Vltava stala z\u00e1kladem izraelsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hymny"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kdo poprv\u00e9 usly\u0161\u00ed za sebou Smetanovu Vltavu a izraelskou hymnu Hatikva, nesta\u010d\u00ed se divit. Melodie jsou si tak bl\u00edzk\u00e9, \u017ee prvn\u00ed reakce b\u00fdv\u00e1 podez\u0159en\u00ed z plagi\u00e1torstv\u00ed. Pravda je ale mnohem star\u0161\u00ed a zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V redakci Karaoketexty n\u00e1s tato hudebn\u00ed stopa zaujala natolik, \u017ee jsme se po n\u00ed pustili podrobn\u011bji. Na prvn\u00ed pohled jednoduch\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka \u201ekdo od koho vzal melodii?\u201c se toti\u017e rychle rozpadne do vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es n\u011bkolik stolet\u00ed, n\u011bkolik zem\u00ed a n\u011bkolik \u017eivotn\u00edch osud\u016f, kter\u00e9 se nikdy nemohly protnout.<\/p>\n\n\n<!-- karaoketexty.cz \/ rectangle2 -->\n<div id=\"PX_37086_709110796310826\"><\/div>\n<script>\n   if(!useMobileAds && !boolUseSeznamAds && !hideAllAds){\n     window.px2 = window.px2 || { conf: {},queue: [] };\n     px2.queue.push(function () {\n        px2.render({\n           slot: {\n              id: 37086\n           },\n            elem: \"PX_37086_709110796310826\"\n        })\n     });\n  }\n<\/script>\n\n<!-- karaoketexty.cz \/ mobile-rectangle3 -->\n<div id=\"PX_37044_714599773297004\"><\/div>\n<script>\n   if(useMobileAds && !boolUseSeznamAds && !hideAllAds){\nwindow.px2 = window.px2 || { conf: {},queue: [] };\npx2.queue.push(function () {\n\tpx2.render({\n\t\tslot: {\n\t\t\tid: 37044\n\t\t},\n\t\telem: \"PX_37044_714599773297004\"\n\t})\n});\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Smetana slo\u017eil Vltavu za t\u0159i t\u00fddny, a byl p\u0159itom hluch\u00fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Symfonick\u00e1 b\u00e1se\u0148 Vltava vznikla v prosinci 1874 jako druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st cyklu M\u00e1 vlast. Bed\u0159ich Smetana ji napsal neoby\u010dejn\u011b rychle, za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i t\u00fddny. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u017e p\u0159itom prakticky nesly\u0161el. Na konec rukopisu si k tomu poznamenal stru\u010dnou, ale silnou v\u011btu: <em>\u201eJsa \u00fapln\u011b hluch\u00fdm!\u201c<\/em> Premi\u00e9ra se konala 4. dubna 1875 na pra\u017esk\u00e9m \u017dof\u00edn\u011b a pro Smetanu \u0161lo o jeden z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f jeho kari\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slavn\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed melodie Vltavy ale nebyla \u010dist\u011b Smetanov\u00fdm n\u00e1padem. V muzikologick\u00e9m jazyce by se \u0159eklo, \u017ee si ji vyp\u016fj\u010dil. Motiv v evropsk\u00e9 hudb\u011b koloval u\u017e od renesance, zhruba od 14. do 16. stolet\u00ed, a b\u011bhem dal\u0161\u00edch generac\u00ed zlidov\u011bl. Nem\u011bl jednoho zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho autora, nechr\u00e1nila ho \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, nikomu nepat\u0159il. Smetana po n\u011bm s\u00e1hl patrn\u011b proto, \u017ee dob\u0159e zapadal do zvukov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta \u010desk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 hudby.<\/p>\n\n\n<!-- karaoketexty.cz \/ interscroller1 -->\n\n<div id=\"PX_37041_825057871452834\"><\/div>\n<script>\nif(useMobileAds && !boolUseSeznamAds && !hideAllAds){\n\twindow.px2 = window.px2 || { conf: {},queue: [] };\n\tpx2.queue.push(function () {\n\t\tpx2.render({\n\t\t\tslot: {\n\t\t\t\tid: 37041\n\t\t\t},\n\t\t\telem: \"PX_37041_825057871452834\"\n\t\t})\n\t});\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hatikva: hymna napsan\u00e1 b\u00e1sn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el jako \u017eebr\u00e1k<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu izraelsk\u00e9 hymny je spojen\u00fd se jm\u00e9nem Naftali Herz Imber. Narodil se v m\u011bste\u010dku Zolo\u010div na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed Ukrajiny a v roce 1878, jako dvaadvacetilet\u00fd, napsal v rumunsk\u00fdch Jasech b\u00e1se\u0148 Tikvateinu \u2013 Na\u0161e nad\u011bje. Vyjad\u0159ovala touhu \u017did\u016f po n\u00e1vratu do zem\u011b p\u0159edk\u016f. Imber se pozd\u011bji dostal do Palestiny, kde se jeho text za\u010dal \u0161\u00ed\u0159it mezi sionistick\u00fdmi osadami. Jeho vlastn\u00ed \u017eivot ale skon\u010dil neradostn\u011b. Palestinu opustil, odjel do New Yorku a v t\u0159iapades\u00e1ti letech zem\u0159el jako \u017eebr\u00e1k, nemocn\u00fd cirh\u00f3zou jater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Melodii k b\u00e1sni doplnil zhruba sedmn\u00e1ctilet\u00fd p\u0159ist\u011bhovalec z Mold\u00e1vie Samuel Cohen. Vych\u00e1zel z rumunsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b Car cu Boi, tedy Povoz a v\u016fl. A tady se oba p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy potk\u00e1vaj\u00ed: jde o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00fd n\u00e1p\u011bv, jak\u00fd o n\u011bkolik let d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017eil Smetana ve Vltav\u011b. Nen\u00ed p\u0159itom pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by Cohen Smetanovu skladbu znal. Sp\u00ed\u0161 se oba, ka\u017ed\u00fd po sv\u00e9m a v jin\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, napojili na star\u00fd motiv, kter\u00fd tehdy Evropou u\u017e d\u00e1vno putoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hatikva byla p\u0159ijata jako hymna sionistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed na prvn\u00edm sionistick\u00e9m kongresu v Basileji v roce 1897. Po vzniku Izraele v roce 1948 se stala st\u00e1tn\u00ed hymnou. Do seznamu st\u00e1tn\u00edch symbol\u016f ji izraelsk\u00fd parlament Kneset ofici\u00e1ln\u011b za\u0159adil a\u017e v roce 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kde se melodie vzala doopravdy? Stopa vede do st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9ho Toleda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Psychiatr a publicista Cyril H\u00f6schl v textu pro Reflex.cz p\u0159ipomn\u011bl v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd posouv\u00e1 p\u016fvod melodie je\u0161t\u011b hloub\u011bji do minulosti. Podle muzikologi\u010dky Baltsanov\u00e9 lze n\u00e1p\u011bv sledovat a\u017e k sefardsk\u00e9 modlitb\u011b za vl\u00e1hu. Tu m\u011bl ve \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9m Toledu slo\u017eit rab\u00edn Jicchak Bar-\u0160e\u0161et, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed \u0161esti sty lety. Po vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed \u017did\u016f ze \u0160pan\u011blska inkvizic\u00ed se melodie \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila d\u00e1l, po Evrop\u011b i severn\u00ed Africe. V It\u00e1lii se prom\u011bnila v obl\u00edbenou milostnou p\u00edse\u0148 a odtud pokra\u010dovala do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy i sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"BED\u0158ICH SMETANA - VLTAVA\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uI8iTETiSqU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00ed cesta n\u00e1p\u011bvu u\u017e nebyla jedna p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 linka. Jedna v\u011btev nakonec dovedla melodii ke Smetanovi, druh\u00e1 ke Cohenovi. Ka\u017ed\u00fd ji poznal z jin\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, v jin\u00e9m kulturn\u00edm r\u00e1mu a patrn\u011b bez tu\u0161en\u00ed, jak dlouhou minulost za sebou ten motiv m\u00e1. V\u00fdsledkem je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuznost: \u010desk\u00e1 symfonick\u00e1 b\u00e1se\u0148 o \u0159ece a izraelsk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hymna o nad\u011bji stoj\u00ed na t\u00e9\u017ee d\u00e1vn\u00e9 melodii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b jednu pozoruhodnou dohru. Kdy\u017e britsk\u00fd mand\u00e1t v Palestin\u011b zak\u00e1zal ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 hran\u00ed Hatikvy, v r\u00e1diu se m\u00edsto n\u00ed pou\u0161t\u011bla Smetanova skladba. Dv\u011b hudby spojen\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1p\u011bvem si tak na \u010das vym\u011bnily roli. U n\u00e1s Vltava d\u00e1l pat\u0159\u00ed k pevn\u00fdm bod\u016fm hudebn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e: ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b otev\u00edr\u00e1 festival Pra\u017esk\u00e9 jaro a podle dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed zn\u00ed tak\u00e9 po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na palub\u00e1ch letadel \u010cSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdroje: Autorsk\u00fd text, <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Izraelsk%C3%A1_hymna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wikipedie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/vltava2025.cz\/cs\/vltava-novinky\/120608-150-let-od-premiery-symfonicke-basne-vltava-hudebni-poklad-ktery-oslavuje-ceskou-reku\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u00fd \u00fastav<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reflex.cz\/clanek\/komentare\/120931\/cyril-hoschl-smetanova-vltava-a-izraelska-hymna-aneb-podobnost-ciste-nahodna.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Reflex.cz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/prulom-ceskoslovenskeho-rokenrolu-jedina-legendarni-pisnicka-dokazala-obelstit-komunisticke-cenzory\/\" class=\"related-post-link\">\n                <div class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba.jpg\" class=\"attachment-250x180 size-250x180 not-transparent\" alt=\"Rockov\u00e1 hudba\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/rockova-hudba-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" data-dominant-color=\"403d3c\" style=\"--dominant-color: #403d3c;\" \/>                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post-details\">\n                    <span class=\"also-read\">\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9:<\/span>\n                    <h3 class=\"hed\">Pr\u016flom \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho rokenrolu: Jedin\u00e1 legend\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00edsni\u010dka dok\u00e1zala obelst\u00edt komunistick\u00e9 cenzory<\/h3>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n            \n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/neuspesny-pokus-legendarni-kapely-jak-se-skupina-plavci-marne-snazila-pretavit-africke-disco-do-cestiny\/\" class=\"related-post-link\">\n                <div class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone.jpg\" class=\"attachment-250x180 size-250x180 not-transparent\" alt=\"Afric Simone\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.karaoketexty.cz\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/afric-simone-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" data-dominant-color=\"504a4c\" style=\"--dominant-color: #504a4c;\" \/>                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post-details\">\n                    <span class=\"also-read\">\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9:<\/span>\n                    <h3 class=\"hed\">Ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd pokus legend\u00e1rn\u00ed kapely: Jak se skupina Plavci marn\u011b sna\u017eila p\u0159etavit africk\u00e9 disco do \u010de\u0161tiny<\/h3>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n            ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdo poprv\u00e9 usly\u0161\u00ed za sebou Smetanovu Vltavu a izraelskou hymnu Hatikva, nesta\u010d\u00ed se divit. Melodie jsou si tak bl\u00edzk\u00e9, \u017ee prvn\u00ed reakce b\u00fdv\u00e1 podez\u0159en\u00ed z plagi\u00e1torstv\u00ed. Pravda je ale mnohem star\u0161\u00ed a zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":11104,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[5148,571,12293,1037,12492,12294,12500,1147,3258,12501,12502,5556],"class_list":["post-20809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zajimavosti","tag-bedrich-smetana","tag-ceska-hudba","tag-hatikva","tag-hudebni-historie","tag-hudebni-skladatele","tag-izraelska-hymna","tag-naftali-herz-imber","tag-plagiatorstvi","tag-prazske-jaro","tag-samuel-cohen","tag-sionismus","tag-vltava"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vltava Smetana: pro\u010d zn\u00ed jako izraelsk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hymna?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Smetanova Vltava a izraelsk\u00e1 hymna Hatikva zn\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b podobn\u011b. 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